Centrifugal Pump: How Does it Work?
Centrifugal pump refers to a pump that transports liquid by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the impeller. Centrifugal pumps are widely used and are almost indispensable equipment in process systems. The small size, simple operation and long service life of the centrifugal pump are the outstanding advantages of the centrifugal pump. If the pipeline delivery system is regarded as the vascular circulation system of the human body, then the centrifugal pump is equivalent to the heart that transports blood.
What is centrifugal pump?
A centrifugal pump is a mechanical device designed to move fluid by transferring rotational energy from one or more driven rotors, called impellers. Fluid enters the rapidly rotating impeller along its axis and exits through the impeller's blade tips along its circumference by centrifugal force. The action of the impeller increases the velocity and pressure of the fluid and directs it towards the pump outlet. The pump casing is specially designed to compress the fluid from the pump inlet, direct it to the impeller, and then slow and control the fluid before discharging.
Working principle of centrifugal pump
When the centrifugal pump is working, relying on the high-speed rotating impeller, the liquid obtains energy under the action of inertial centrifugal force to increase the pressure. Before the centrifugal pump works, the pump body and inlet pipeline must be filled with liquid medium to prevent cavitation.
When the impeller rotates rapidly, the blades make the medium rotate quickly, and the rotating medium flies out of the impeller under the action of centrifugal force. After the water in the pump is thrown out, the central part of the impeller forms a vacuum area. While continuously inhaling the liquid, it also continuously gives the inhaled liquid a certain amount of energy and discharges the liquid. This is how the centrifugal pump works continuously.
The basic working principle of a centrifugal pump includes the following working stages.
1. Liquid enters the pump casing at the impeller eye.
2. The velocity energy is transferred to the liquid through the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the impeller, and the liquid is pushed radially to the periphery of the impeller.
3. The velocity of the liquid can be converted into pressure energy by directing it to the expansion volute design housing in a volute centrifugal pump or a diffuser in a turbo pump.
Features of centrifugal pump of centrifugal pump
- High efficiency and energy saving: CFD computational fluid dynamics is used to analyze and calculate the relationship between the pressure distribution and velocity distribution in the pump, optimize the flow channel design of the pump, ensure that the pump has an efficient hydraulic profile, and improve the efficiency of the pump.
- Easy installation and maintenance: vertical pipeline structure, the inlet and outlet of the pump can be installed in any position and any direction of the pipeline like a valve, which is extremely convenient for installation and maintenance.
- Stable operation, safe and reliable: The motor shaft and the water pump shaft are coaxial and direct connection, with high concentricity, stable operation, safety and reliability.
- Stainless steel shaft sleeve: The mechanical seal position of the shaft is relatively easy to be corroded. Once the direct-connected pump shaft is corroded, it is easy to cause the mechanical seal to fail. The STG pump adopts a stainless steel shaft sleeve to avoid corrosion, improve the shaft life and reduce the operation and maintenance cost.
