The absolute value rotary encoder is a detector that can output the angle data within one revolution of the motor to an external target. Absolute encoders are generally capable of outputting 360° with 8 to 12 bits. There are many optical channel engraving lines on the absolute encoder optical disc, and each engraving line is arranged with 2 lines, 4 lines, 8 lines and 16 lines in turn, the shaft encoder obtain a set of unique binary codes (Gray codes) from the zeroth power of 2 to the n-1th power of 2.