Freeze dryer uses the principle of cooling and dew condensation, which is mainly composed of heat exchange system, refrigeration system and electrical control system. Compressed air first enters the pre-cooler for gas-gas or gas-water heat exchange, removing some of the thermal energy. Then it enters the hot and cold air exchanger and exchanges heat with the cold air that has come out of evaporator and cooled to the pressure dew point, which further reduces the temperature of compressed air. Compressed air then enters the evaporator and exchanges heat with refrigerant. Temperature of the compressed air drops to 0-8℃. The moisture in air is precipitated at this temperature, separated out by air-water separator, and discharged through automatic drain. The dry, low-temperature air enters the hot and cold air exchangers for heat exchange, and is output after the temperature rises.